When I was a resident (over ten years ago!) we were taught that there was no evidence that breast self-examination saved lives. A new review puts another nail in the coffin of breast self-examination. This week the Cochrane Review published a re-analysis of a review of the scientific studies on breast examination. The conclusion: women who perform breast self-examination undergo more breast biopsies but die of breast cancer at the same rate as women who do not examine themselves. The same ap...
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More Options for Colon Cancer Screening
Colon cancer is a leading cause of cancer death in the US, second only to lung cancer. Fortunately, there are effective tests that can diagnose colon cancer early, or even prevent colon cancer while it is still a pre-cancerous polyp. Given that this is one of the few cancers for which effective screening exists, I have been very enthusiastic about recommending colon cancer screening to all my patients over 50.
The options for screening thus far have been colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, fecal occu...
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Treatment for Localized Prostate Cancer: Many Options, Little Evidence
I've written before about the controversies in screening for and treating prostate cancer.
Prostate cancer presents a unique challenge because it is extremely common, affects men who on average are older than patients with other cancers, and usually takes many years between diagnosis and disability or death. In 2007, approximately 1 in 6 men in the United States were diagnosed with prostate cancer, and 1 ...
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Ignore Epidemiology, Maybe It’ll Go Away
My regular readers (both of them) have noticed that I spend almost as much time writing about new studies you should ignore as about new studies you should pay attention to. That's because the media is driven by hype, not by sober science, and there's no incentive for an editor to get rid of a story just because the study is misleading or meaningless. (I'm not complaining. That's a consequence of having a free press, and it's muc...
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Vitamin D Deficiency is Common and Dangerous
Two weeks ago I warned you about excessive sun exposure. Ironically, this week I'm warning you about a consequence of insufficient sun exposure.
A recent article in the New England Journal of Medicine exposes a very common and under-diagnosed problem, vitamin D deficiency. This has become a bigger problem as our activities have moved incr...
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Good Day, Sunshine!
With the long days of summer upon us, many of us are hitting the beaches and getting suntans. Southern California is obsessed with both beauty and health, and tanning sits at the intersection of the two. Suntans have become symbols of status, health and beauty.
But why? There are certainly no health benefits to tanning, and many health risks. Dermatologists have been warning us for over a generation that sun exposure increases our risk of melanoma, the most dangerous form of skin cancer. I...
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Sorrowful About Selenium
This week another dietary supplement moves from the "not proven to have any benefits" column to the "potentially harmful" column. A study in the Annals of Internal Medicine which was reported in this CNN article is the largest study yet to look at the effects of selenium on the dev...
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Book Review: The Cure
Dr. David Gratzer is a psychiatrist who has worked both in Canada and in the United States. His first book, Code Blue: Reviving Canada's Health Care System, was an award-winning prescription for the long waits and poor satisfaction currently plaguing Canadian patients. In his current book, The Cure: How Capitalis...
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Human Papilomavirus: The Latest Celebrity Pathogen
Recently human papilomavirus (HPV) has been making a lot of news. The story involves big business, cancer, government policy, and sex. I'm surprised HBO hasn't made a series about it.
HPV is a sexually transmitted virus that causes genital warts, cervical cancer, and has recently been associated with oral cancers. Merck recently released Gardasil, a vaccine that protects against the strains of HPV that cause most (but not all) of the cas...
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Computer Aided Mammography Interpretation Not Ready for Prime Time
Most of my patients know that I'm a big fan of technology. From electronic medical records to viewing diagnostic images over the web, I love finding tools that help me take better care of patients. A study in this week's New England Journal of Medicine is an important cautionary tale that reminds us that new technologies should always be tested rigorously.
The study examined the use of a technology ca...
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